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Table 3 Mean values and standard deviation (SD) of significant kinematic parameters for HC And d-MND at inter-group analysis during reach-to-grasp (RG) phase

From: A wearable ring-shaped inertial system to identify action planning impairments during reach-to-grasp sequences: a pilot study

Parameter

DRINK

PLACE

PASS

HC

d-MND

HC

d-MND

HC

d-MND

IAV

8.49 ± 1.61

9.55 ± 1.97

9.64 ± 1.52

10.65 ± 0.98

10.13 ± 1.43

10.88 ± 1.20

rmseJerk

10.58 ± 6.04

8.77 ± 3.45

9.77 ± 2.78

9.88 ± 3.80

9.28 ± 3.54

8.45 ± 2.74

Skew

0.38 ± 0.08

0.41 ± 0.13

0.29 ± 0.05

0.42 ± 0.13*

0.43 ± 0.11

0.37 ± 0.18

Kurt

2.29 ± 0.13

2.52 ± 0.44

2.56 ± 0.25

2.76 ± 0.27

2.67 ± 0.20

2.83 ± 0.45

Vpeak

1.17 ± 0.54

0.78 ± 0.32

1.33 ± 0.38

1.02 ± 0.35 *

1.13 ± 0.22

0.84 ± 0.28 *

T_Vpeak

0.36 ± 0.04

0.35 ± 0.03

0.36 ± 0.05

0.35 ± 0.05

0.35 ± 0.03

0.34 ± 0.05

T_decel

0.50 ± 0.14

0.70 ± 0.27

0.62 ± 0.13

0.75 ± 0.10

0.61 ± 0.16

0.76 ± 0.11*

T_decel_perc

56.64 ± 4.89

63.58 ± 8.01*

62.42 ± 4.21

68.32 ± 4.48*

65.54 ± 2.86

68.18 ± 6.20

T_exec

0.88 ± 0.16

0.99 ± 0.20

0.99 ± 0.15

1.10 ± 0.10

1.04 ± 0.14

1.13 ± 0.12

T_react

0.71 ± 0.11

0.77 ± 0.10

0.67 ± 0.10

0.81 ± 0.14*

0.67 ± 0.10

0.77 ± 0.10

Index_exc

65.39 ± 15.83

55.99 ± 10.27

60.85 ± 11.36

51.41 ± 6.32

61.77 ± 18.54

56.77 ± 9.48

T_index_exc

0.69 ± 0.14

0.74 ± 0.10

0.63 ± 0.11

0.68 ± 0.06

0.68 ± 0.19

0.69 ± 0.07

  1. * Significant difference between healthy controls (HC) and dysexecutive MND subjects (d-MND) for each condition (i.e., Drink, Place and Pass actions); the * is reported in the d-MND column (p < 0.05)