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Table 4 Mean values and standard deviation (SD) of significant kinematic parameters for HC and d-MND at inter-group analysis during after-grasp (AG) phase

From: A wearable ring-shaped inertial system to identify action planning impairments during reach-to-grasp sequences: a pilot study

Parameter

Drink

Place

Pass

HC

d-MND

HC

d-MND

HC

d-MND

IAV

14.56 ± 5.98

19.61 ± 9.08

13.18 ± 2.58

14.70 ± 3.85

12.39 ± 3.54

15.00 ± 5.91

rmseJerk

8.62 ± 4.39

5.29 ± 2.84*

6.08 ± 1.89

5.38 ± 1.38

4.36 ± 1.83

3.64 ± 0.68

Skew

0.34 ± 0.18

0.57 ± 0.24*

0.35 ± 0.14

0.39 ± 0.12

0.23 ± 0.08

0.45 ± 0.24*

Kurt

2.22 ± 0.40

2.94 ± 1.01

2.57 ± 0.31

3.01 ± 0.55

2.07 ± 0.23

2.68 ± 0.38*

Vpeak

2.92 ± 0.94

1.73 ± 0.81*

1.26 ± 0.20

0.95 ± 0.32*

0.73 ± 0.23

0.60 ± 0.16

T_Vpeak

0.63 ± 0.13

0.68 ± 0.20

0.35 ± 0.07

0.32 ± 0.07

0.32 ± 0.08

0.31 ± 0.08

T_decel

0.75 ± 0.35

1.28 ± 0.65*

0.99 ± 0.21

1.18 ± 0.30

0.88 ± 0.19

1.13 ± 0.44

T_decel_perc

50.49 ± 6.36

63.01 ± 0.79*

73.69 ± 4.14

77.31 ± 2.77

73.03 ± 10.02

74.58 ± 5.62

T_exec

1.51 ± 0.64

2.04 ± 0.94

1.36 ± 0.27

1.53 ± 0.39

1.27 ± 0.27

1.55 ± 0.61

  1. *Significant difference between healthy controls (HC) and dysexecutive MND (d-MND) for each condition (i.e., Drink, Place and Pass actions); the * is reported into the d-MND column (p<0.05)