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Table 2 Primary motor, cognitive and functional outcomes for the EDNA treatment and GRASP control groups at pre-test, post-test and follow-up

From: Home-based (virtual) rehabilitation improves motor and cognitive function for stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial of the Elements (EDNA-22) system

Primary outcomea

EDNA treatment (n = 10)

GRASP control (n = 7)

Group effect on pre-post change score (t, p)c

Pre-test

Post-test

Follow-up

Pre-post Change scoreb

Effect sized

Pre-test

Post-test

Follow-up

Pre-post change scoreb

Effect sized

Motor

           

 BBT-MAH

23.5 (9.6)

34.7 (13.8)

35.5 (12.8)

11.2 (9.8)

p = 0.006*

0.90

15.7 (10.8)

16.0

(9.4)

17.9

(8.1)

− 0.3 (9.9)

p = 0.942

0.03

t = 2.25, p = 0.040*

 BBT-LAH

41.2 (14.4)

46.9 (10.9)

48.8 (12.5)

5.7 (13.2)

p = 0.205

0.43

36.6 (10.8)

36.0

(12.5)

38.4

(9.7)

0.6 (7.8)

p = 0.853

0.05

t = 1.12, p = 0.280

9HPT-MAH

0.21 (0.20)

0.34 (0.25)

 

0.13 (0.20)

p = 0.072

0.55

0.08 (0.14)

0.14

(0.13)

 

0.06 (0.11)

p = 0.219

0.42

t = 0.97, p = 0.348

9HPT-LAH

0.58 (0.27)

0.59 (0.25)

 

0.01 (0.24)

p = 0.989

0.04

0.48 (0.15)

0.49

(0.08)

 

0.01 (0.01)

p = 0.840

0.08

t = -0.10, p = 0.922

Cognitive

          

 MoCA

18.5 (5.1)

21.9 (4.1)

23.0 (5.0)

3.4 (3.0) p = .006*

0.70

17.0 (7.8)

18.7 (6.0)

21.1 (5.6)

0.1 (3.2) p = 0.911

0.23

t = 2.31, p = 0.036*

Functional

           

 SIS—Recovery

55.5 (16.4)

64.8 (15.0)

 

9.3 (14.3)

p = 0.069

.57

45.0 (20.7)

43.8 (21.3)

 

− 1.2 (1.9)

p = 0.201

0.05

t = 2.291, p = 0.046

 NFI—Informant (Total)

155.6 (38.1)

138.0 (29.8)

136.1 (37.3)

− 17.6 (19.5)

p = 0.107

.49

      
  1. BBT Box and Block Test; LAH Less Affected Hand; MAH More Affected Hand; 9HPT Nine Hole Peg Test (pegs/s); MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment; SIS Stroke Impact Scale; NFI Neurobehavioral Functioning Inventory
  2. aMean (SD)
  3. bDependent-samples t-test comparing pre-test vs. post-test
  4. cIndependent-samples t-test comparing EDNA vs. GRASP
  5. dHedges’ g
  6. *p < Benjamini–Hochberg critical value