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Table 3 Feature selection of turning characteristics using stepwise regression procedure

From: Classification of Parkinson’s disease with freezing of gait based on 360° turning analysis using 36 kinematic features

Turning features (reference value)

OR (95% CI)

B (SE)

p-value

RN2

People with PD and controls

 Inner step length (43.40 cm)

0.709 (0.571–0.881)

− 0.343 (0.111)

0.002

0.896

 Step width (15.44 cm)

1.548 (1.158–2.071)

0.437 (0.148)

0.003

 Inner double support phase (26.20%)

1.695 (1.134–2.533)

0.528 (0.205)

0.010

 Thorax ROM (33.72°)

1.048 (1.000–1.099)

0.047 (0.024)

0.048

 Incline angle (6.27°)

0.540 (0.326–0.895)

− 0.616 (0.258)

0.017

Freezers and non-freezers

 Outer step length (36.43 cm)

0.720 (0.594–0.874)

− 0.328 (0.098)

0.001

0.650

 Inner hip ROM (31.11°)

1.282 (1.087–1.512)

0.248 (0.084)

0.003

 Inner ankle ROM (19.73°)

0.823 (0.709–0.955)

− 0.195 (0.076)

0.010

 Total distance of the COM (1.68 m)

5.243 (1.093–25.148)

1.657 (0.800)

0.038

 Maximum anti-phase (17.89°)

0.827 (0.728–0.940)

− 0.189 (0.065)

0.004

 Outer contralateral temporal coordination (0.77 s)

30.958 (1.265–746.089)

3.433 (1.624)

0.034

  1. PD Parkinson’s disease, OR odds ratio, B logistic regression coefficient, SE standard error, 95% CI 95% confidence interval, RN2 is the fit statistic for the Nagelkerke model, ROM range of motion, COM center of mass; adjusting for age, sex, height, and body mass index
  2. Boldface indicates significant differences, p < 0.05