Fig. 4

Meta-analyses indicating the effects of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) to the affected M1 in modulating bilateral cortical excitability. Meta-analyses indicated that a single session of iTBS tended to decrease the aMT (a) and rMT (c) of the affected M1 and increase the aMT (b) and rMT (d) of the unaffected M1. However, none of the pooled Hedges’ g values were significant. A single session of iTBS significantly increased the MEP amplitude of the affected M1 (e) and decreased that of the unaffected M1 (f). rMT resting motor threshold; aMT active motor threshold; MEP motor-evoked potentials