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Table 3 Repeated measures ANOVA tests with two within factors: ROBOTIC SUPPORT (NoAssistance, Assistance) and PERTURBATION MAGNITUDE (Low, High)

From: Cooperative ankle-exoskeleton control can reduce effort to recover balance after unexpected disturbances during walking

 

F

p

df1

df2

F

p

df1

df2

TA\(_R\)

PERT. MAGNITUDE

0.662

0.437

1

9

13.844

0.006

1

8

ROBOTIC SUPPORT

2.159

0.176

1

9

0.653

0.446

1

8

Interaction effects

2.512

0.147

1

9

10.780

0.011†

1

8

SOL\(_R\)

PERT. MAGNITUDE

27.457

< 0.001

1

9

9.923

0.014

1

8

ROBOTIC SUPPORT

17.336

0.002

1

9

1.355

0.278

1

8

Interaction effects

3.626

0.089

1

9

4.132

0.077

1

8

GM\(_R\)

PERT. MAGNITUDE

30.249

< 0.001

1

9

1.735

0.224

1

8

ROBOTIC SUPPORT

6.730

0.029

1

9

0.027

0.873

1

8

Interaction effects

0.175

0.686

1

9

0.685

0.432

1

8

GL\(_R\)

PERT. MAGNITUDE

33.856

< 0.001

1

9

17.686

0.003

1

8

ROBOTIC SUPPORT

1.300

0.284

1

9

4.320

0.071

1

8

Interaction effects

0.031

0.864

1

9

0.023

0.883

1

8

\(x_{max}\)

PERT. MAGNITUDE

91.973

< 0.001

1

9

253.158

< 0.001

1

8

ROBOTIC SUPPORT

5.08e−05

0.994

1

9

2.119

0.184

1

8

Interaction effects

2.205

0.172

1

9

8.898

0.017‡

1

8

Recov.time

PERT. MAGNITUDE

12.804

0.006

1

9

9.917

0.016

1

8

ROBOTIC SUPPORT

0.093

0.767

1

9

0.077

0.790

1

8

Interaction effects

0.021

0.887

1

9

2.79e−04

0.987

1

8

\(MOS_{x}\)

PERT. MAGNITUDE

15.200

0.004

1

9

0.054

0.822

1

8

ROBOTIC SUPPORT

1.111

0.319

1

9

2.817

0.132

1

8

Interaction effects

0.197

0.668

1

9

1.408

0.269

1

8

Step length

PERT. MAGNITUDE

2.020

0.189

1

9

23.653

0.001

1

8

ROBOTIC SUPPORT

4.210

0.070

1

9

0.045

0.837

1

8

Interaction effects

6.016

0.037‡

1

9

2.325

0.166

1

8

Swing time

PERT. MAGNITUDE

38.379

< 0.001

1

9

0.300

0.597

1

8

ROBOTIC SUPPORT

0.679

0.431

1

9

1.744

0.219

1

8

Interaction effects

3.646

0.089

1

9

2.698

0.135

1

8

  1. F and p values are reported, as well as the degrees of freedom (df). Bold values represent \(p < 0.05\)
  2. When interaction effects were present, Tukey’s significant difference was employed as post-hoc test to compare the robotic support for individual perturbation magnitudes. The symbol † expresses no significance for any of the post-hoc tests, while the symbol ‡ represents a significant interaction for the Low perturbation magnitude
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Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation

ISSN: 1743-0003

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