Table 4 Cross-tabulation of postinterventional effect sizes for studies evaluating non-invasive brain stimulation for improving gait, balance and/or lower limb recovery in stroke patients

Overall

1

7

5

2

4

1

3

1

2

2

Stimulated hemisphere

Affected

1

5

2

1

1

Non-affected

1

1

1

2

1

1

Biateral

2

2

2

1

2

Centred

1

Spinal

1

Stimulated areas

M1

1

4

3

2

2

2

CR

2

1

1

M1 + M1

1

2

1

1

2

M1 + CR

1

SMA + M1

1

10Th

1

Stimulation protocol

1 Hz rTMS

1

2

1

5 Hz rTMS

1

10 Hz rTMS

1

20 Hz rTMS

1

iTBS

1

0.0–2.0 mA tACS

1

1

1.0 mA anodal tDCS

1

1.5 mA anodal tDCS

1

2

2.0 mA anodal tDCS

4

1

1

1.0 mA anodal + cathodal tDCS

1

1.5 mA anodal + cathodal tDCS

2.0 mA anodal + cathodal tDCS

1

1

1

2.0 mA cathodal tDCS

1

2.5 mA cathodal tsDCS

1

Stimulation duration

 ≥ 99 min

1

3

2

1

1

2

1

100–199 min

3

1

1

1

2

200–299 min

1

2

3

 ≤ 300 min

1

1

1

Time since stroke

0.1–3.2 months

2

2

1

3

1

1

11.0–29.0 months

1

0

2

1

2

2

42.0–120.0 months

5

3

1

1