Fig. 11

Mid swing discrete metrics: Lower-limb dynamics. These plots highlight the differences in lower-limb motion between transfemoral prosthesis user falls versus recoveries, with healthy control recovery data included as a reference. Peak thigh and knee flexion in the ipsilateral (tripped/sound-side) step were calculated from perturbation to first ipsilateral foot-strike. Peak thigh flexion in contralateral (prosthetic-side) step was calculated from first ipsilateral foot-strike to first contralateral foot-strike or fall, whichever index occurred first. An “x” in a marker indicates the prosthesis user did not foot-off prior to falling. Peak thigh and knee angle in subsequent ipsilateral (sound-side) step were calculated from ipsilateral foot-off after lowering to foot-strike. Metrics are only plotted if they occurred before the participant loaded the harness with >50% bodyweight (fall). Capital letters above each plot correspond to letters that are marked in Fig.  9 and  10 for reference