Table 3 List of features extracted. For each feature category, features describing the movement of participants in each gait task were summarized by applying the corresponding statistical descriptors

Angular velocity (rad/s)

Angular velocities in x-, y-, and z-axes

Maximum, Minimum, Mean,RMS, Range

15

All 13 IMUs

Acceleration (m/s\(^2\))

Acceleration in x-, y-, and z-axes

Maximum, Minimum, Mean, RMS, Range

15

All 13 IMUs

Total angular

velocity (rad/s)

Square-root of the sum of squared angular velocities in x-, y- and z-axes

Maximum, Minimum, Mean, RMS, Range

5

All 13 IMUs

Total

acceleration (m/s\(^2\))

Square-root of the sum of squared accelerations in x-, y- and z-axes

Maximum, Minimum, Mean, RMS, Range

5

All 13 IMUs

Pitch (rad)

Angular displacement around the frontal axis perpendicular to the direction of walking (y-axis)

Mean, Range

2

All 13 IMUs

Roll (rad)

Angular displacement around the sagittal axis in the direction of walking (x-axis)

Mean, Range

2

All 13 IMUs

Area of Sway

Velocity (rad\(^2\)/s\(^2\))

Angular velocity in both pitch and roll directions

95% CI

Ellipse Area (EA)

1

Head,

Upper Back,

Lower Back

Area of Sway

(rad\(^2\))

Angular displacement in both pitch and roll directions

95% CI

Ellipse Area (EA)

1

Head,

Upper Back,

Lower Back

Stride Length

(m)

Distance traveled between two footfalls of the same foot

Mean,

Variance

2

Left Foot,

Right Foot

Stride Time (s)

Time elapsed between two footfalls of the same foot

Mean,

Variance

2

Left Foot,

Right Foot

Stride

Frequency (Hz)

Number of strides per second

Mean

1

Left Foot,

Right Foot

Foot Speed

(m/s)

Distance traveled per second

Mean

1

Left Foot,

Right Foot