Literature review of stroke assessment for upper-extremity physical function via EEG, EMG, kinematic, and kinetic measurements and their reliability

Table 8 Reproducibility table

Metric	ICC(r,k)	Score (p < 0.05)	Rating	Measurement device	Notes	Refs.
Isometric joint torque	ICC(3,1)	0.80–0.98 (p < 0.01)	*-**	ARMin		[76]
Isokinetic motion with EMG	ICC(2,1)	0.890 (0.685–0.961)	-**	1-DOF		[85]
Isokinetic motion with torque	ICC(2,1)	0.931 (0.791–0.978)	*-**
Manual motion with EMG	ICC(2,1)	0.788 (0.493–0.920)	-***
Initial direction error	ICC(2,k)	0.81, 0.95	*,**	KINARM	No vision, vision	[88]
Initial direction error variability	ICC(2,k)	0.84, 0.94	*,**
Path length ratio	ICC(2,k)	0.68, 0.44	*,
Path length ratio variability	ICC(2,k)	0.95, 0.97	****
Response latency	ICC(2,k)	0.92, 0.94	****
Response latency variability	ICC(2,k)	0.91, 0.95	****
Peak speed ratio	ICC(2,k)	0.71, 0.96	,**
Peak speed ratio variability	ICC(2,k)	0.86, 0.66	*,
Peak velocity	ICC^u	0.9	****		Extension	[84]
Final angle	ICC^u	0.86	***
Creep	ICC^u	0.66	**
Peak velocity	ICC^u	0.95	****		Extension difference
Final angle	ICC^u	0.91	****
Creep	ICC^u	0.74	**
Peak velocity	ICC^u	0.87	***		Flexion
Final angle	ICC^u	0.84	***
Creep	ICC^u	0.86	***
Peak velocity	ICC^u	0.88	***		Flexion difference
Final angle	ICC^u	0.88	***
Creep	ICC^u	0.79	***
Var_xy	ICC^u	0.81	***			[24]
Cont/exp_xy	ICC^u	0.86	***
Shift_xy	ICC^u	0.7	**
aROM elbow flexion	ICC(2,k)	0.89–0.97	*-**	Inertial sensors	First session	[152]
aROM elbow pronation	ICC(2,k)	0.89–0.94	*-**
aROM elbow supination	ICC(2,k)	0.91–0.98	****
aROM wrist flexion	ICC(2,k)	0.94–0.99	****
aROM wrist extension	ICC(2,k)	0.86–0.97	*-**
aROM radial deviation	ICC(2,k)	0.92–0.98	****
aROM ulnar deviation	ICC(2,k)	0.90–0.98	****

ICC^u – Unable to determine
ICC(2,1)—Two-way random effects with a single measurement. ICC(2,k)—Two-way random effects with a mean of k measurements. ICC(3,1)—Two-way mixed effects with a single measurement. ICC(3,k)—Two-way mixed effects with a mean of k measurements. *Poor reliability (< 0.5). **Moderate reliability (0.5 ≤ ICC < 0.75). ***Good reliability (0.75 ≤ ICC < 0.9). ****Excellent reliability (≥ 0.9)

ISSN: 1743-0003