Fig. 8

Relationship between residuals of each candidate model and erroneous reaching parameters from the affected side of post-stroke patients in the validation experiments. Erroneous reaching movement parameters are the number of submovment (NS) and curvature index (CI). Every reaching data point is projected to the boxplots to portray the distributions. In the presence of erroneous behaviors (high NS and CI), Fitts’ model and the proposed model formulated by the reaching data of the affected arms result in high model residuals, whereas the Almanji model have low model residuals