Changes of gait pattern in children with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A: a 18 months follow-up study

Table 1 Clinical scores and kinematic/kinetic parameters at the baseline and follow-up evaluation

		Controls	CMT1A-all		NL subgroup		FD subgroup		FD&POD subgroup
		(N=18)	(N=16)		(N=7)		(N=6)		(N=3)
	Session		Baseline	Follow-up	Baseline	Follow-up	Baseline	Follow-up	Baseline	Follow-up
	Age [years]	11.0(3.3)	11.7(2.9)	13.2(2.9)	11.6(2.4)	13.0(2.4)	12.0(3.0)	13.6(2.9)	11.5(4.7)	12.9(4.8)
	Weight [kg]	41.4(14.3)	40.4(10.5)	45.9(11.3)	37.7(12.1)	46.1(15.7)	44.3(8.8)	47.4(6.3)	39.1(10.7)	42.8(10.1)
	Height [cm]	146(22)	148(15)	158(14)	145(16)	156(17)	152(12)	163(8)	147(22)	150(17)
Clinical scores
	CMTES	-	3.4(2.3)	4.8(3.4)^#	2.4(1.3)	3.5(2.1)	3.5(2.8)	5.2(4.3)	5.3(2.3)	7.0(4.3)
	ONLS	-	1.9(1.0)	2.4(1.0)	1.4(0.8)	2.4(1.0)	1.7(0.8)	2.0(1.1)	3.3(0.6)	3.3(0.6)
Natural walking
	Gait speed [ms^-1]	1.1(0.1)	1.2(0.1)	1.1(0.1)	1.1(0.1)	1.2(0.1)	1.2(0.1)	1.1(0.1)	1.0(0.1)	1.0(0.2)
	Gait speed/BH [%BH s^-1]	77.0(7.0)	78.7(9.8)	74.7(13.3)	79.2(12.4)	77.7(13.9)	81.6(6.9)	72.6(9.1)^#	71.8(6.2)	70.8(20.4)
	Cadence [steps min^-1]	116(11)	117(10)	115(12)	115(13)	117(13)	119(7)	112(9)^#	117(7)	117(19)
	Stride length [m]	1.2(0.2)	1.2(0.1)	1.2(0.1)	1.2(0.1)	1.3(0.1)^#	1.2(0.1)	1.2(0.0)	1.1(0.1)	1.1(0.1)
	Stride length/BH [%BH]	79.8(4.1)	80.7(5.8)	78.3(7.9)^#	82.0(5.0)	81.0(6.8)	82.1(5.3)	78.6(5.9)	75.1(6.7)	71.7(12.4)
	AROM _ratio	0.65(0.09)	0.55(0.20) ^*	0.51(0.21)	0.74(0.09)	0.63(0.18)	0.46(0.04)^a,b	0.47(0.20)	0.26(0.03)^a,b,c	0.27(0.09)
	AW _st [J/kg]	0.36(0.10)	0.28(0.07) ^*	0.28(0.06)	0.30(0.06)	0.29(0.05)	0.31(0.04)	0.30(0.04)	0.17(0.02)^a	0.19(0.03)
Toe-heel walking
	ATH_Δmean	27.8(8.9)	16.9(7.6) ^*	15.4(8.3)	20.7(7.6)	20.0(6.2)	17.7(5.9)^a	15.7(7.8)	14.3(7.5)^a	13.4(3.2)

The table shows clinical scores and kinematic/kinetic parameters at the baseline and follow-up evaluation for the whole group of CMT patients (CMT1A-all) and for the different subgroups (NL normal-like, FD Foot-drop, FD&POD Foot-drop and Push-off Deficit). Data from the control group are reported in the first column. Data are given in terms of mean and SD (in parentheses).
The two parameters used to classify patients into sub-groups based on the baseline evaluation are evidenced in bold (AROM_ratio foot-drop index, AW_st push-off deficit index). BH Body height, Toe-heel Toe- and Heel-walking trials. See the text (section Methods) for the meaning of biomechanical parameters.
^* Significant differences between controls and CMT1A-all group at baseline (p<0.05 T-test).
^a Significant differences between controls and CMT1A sub-groups at baseline (p<0.05 ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD post-hoc).
^b Significant differences between NL and FD or FD&POD group at baseline (p<0.05 ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD post-hoc).
^c Significant differences between FD and FD&POD group at baseline (p<0.05 ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD post-hoc).
^# Significant differences between baseline and follow-up evaluation (p<0.05 paired T-test for biomechanical indexes and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test for clinical scores).

ISSN: 1743-0003