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Table 2 Clinical and kinematic measurement changes

From: Comparing integrated training of the hand and arm with isolated training of the same effectors in persons with stroke using haptically rendered virtual environments, a randomized clinical trial

Test/Measure

Group

Pre-Test/Day 1

Post-Test/Day 8

Retention

Pre-post change

Pre-retention change

WMFT, mean (CI), sec

HAS N = 20

117.2 (77.5-156.9)

86.4 (60.7-112.1)

91.7 (64.5-118.8)

30.8 (12.6 – 49.0)

21.8 (-1.0-44.7)

HAT N = 20

92.4 (60.8-124.1)

70.8 (45.8-95.7)

62.5 (44.9-80.1)

21.6 (5.5-37.8)

29.9 (9.31-50.5)

JTHF, mean (CI), sec

HAS N = 20

146.8 (120.4-173.2)

126.4 (103.6-149.2)

131.6 (107.2-156.1)

20.4 (7.5 – 33.3)

14.4 (-0.04-28.8)

HAT N = 20

124.8 (100.9-148.7)

107.1 (83.5-130.6)

113.7 (90.5-137.0)

17.7 (8.5-27.0)

11.1 (1.1-21.0)

Finger Fractionation, median (IQR), deg

HAS N = 18

21.7 (12.4-35.4)

40.1 (17.3-59.6)

 

14.8 (6.11-26.8)

 

HAT N = 16

10.9 (1.8-20.8)

24.5 (5.4-34.7)

 

8.6 (4.1-17.1)

 

Time To Task Completion, median (IQR), sec

HAS N = 20

25.0 (20.6-36.4

12.7 (10.8-14.9)

 

9.9 (6.2-23.0)

 

HAT N = 20

25.4 (18.9-42.0)

14.7 (8.0-19.3)

 

12.5 (7.6-22.5)

 

Reaching Trajectory Smoothness*, median (IQR)

HAS N = 16

28.1 (20.1-66.0)

8.2 (4.3-10.8)

 

19.2 (9.1-56.6)

 

HAT N = 20

35.7 (18.2-76.3)

8.6 (2.4-23.1)

 

23.3 (15.0-45.9)

 

Endpoint Deviation, median (IQR), cm

HAS N = 16

27.1 (15.8-55.6)

9.1 (5.5-12.4)

 

16.3. (7.2-45.7)

 

HAT N = 20

38.0 (13.1-51.1)

6.2 (3.5-10.3)

 

25.6 (5.3-35.2)

 
  1. CI = 95 percent confidence interval, IQR = Interquartile Range, * = Reported as actual smoothness multiplied by 1,000.