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Table 2 Mean (95 % CI) measures of sway with significant group differences: eyes open

From: Detection of postural sway abnormalities by wireless inertial sensors in minimally disabled patients with multiple sclerosis: a case–control study

*Instrumented measure of sway

Group with MS

Control group

Mann–Whitney U (p-value)

ML jerk (m2/s5)

0.0092 (0.0064–0.0120)

0.0030 (0.0023–0.0037)

25 (p < 0.0001)

Horizontal sway area (m2/s4)

0.0086 (0.0064–0.0108)

0.0038 (0.0032–0.0045)

37 (p < 0.0001)

95 % confidence circle area (m2/s4)

0.099 (0.076–0.121)

0.049 (0.037–0.061)

63 (p = 0.0001)

95 % confidence ellipse area (m2/s4)

0.083 (0.060–0.105)

0.034 (0.028–0.041)

49 (p < 0.0001)

AP root mean square (m/s2)

0.084 (0.075–0.093)

0.062 (0.054–0.070)

73 (p = 0.00036)

Horizontal root mean square (m/s2)

0.101 (0.089–0.113)

0.071 (0.063–0.078)

62 (p < 0.0001)

ML root mean square (m/s2)

0.052 (0.042–0.062)

0.031 (0.027–0.036)

70 (p = 0.00026)

AP mean sway velocity (m/s)

0.221 (0.189–0.254)

0.149 (0.116–0.183)

72 (p = 0.00032)

Horizontal mean sway velocity (m/s)

0.278 (0.233–0.324)

0.187 (0.157–0.216)

69 (p = 0.00022)

AP sway radius (m/s2)

0.068 (0.061–0.075)

0.050 (0.043–0.057)

74 (p = 0.00042)

Horizontal sway radius (m/s2)

0.088 (0.077–0.098)

0.061 (0.055–0.067)

62 (p < 0.0001)

ML sway path length (m/s2)

5.23 (4.54–5.93)

3.22 (2.82–3.61)

38 (p < 0.0001)

Horizontal range of acceleration (m/s2)

0.541 (0.478–0.604)

0.382 (0.340–0.423)

63 (p = 0.0001)

ML range of acceleration (m/s2)

0.293 (0.247–0.340)

0.164 (0.147–0.182)

37 (p < 0.0001)

ML total spectral power (m2/s4)

0.812 (0.561–1.063)

0.230 (0.199–0.262)

27 (p < 0.0001)

  1. *ML medial-lateral; AP anterior-posterior; units reflect measures are derived from an acceleration signal; significance defined as p < 0.00054 after Bonferroni correction