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Table 5 Mean leg joint angles for the different situations and feet

From: Standing on slopes – how current microprocessor-controlled prosthetic feet support transtibial and transfemoral amputees in an everyday task

   

Prosthetic TT

Prosthetic TF

Sound TT

Sound TF

non-Amp

Δ ankle angle

Down (KSF on/off)

Everyday Feet

4.9 ± 3.0

3.9 ± 5.6 / 3.8 ± 7.2

9.6 ± 6.2

4.6 ± 5.4 / 3.9 ± 5.4

10.1 ± 1.2

Meridium

8.5 ± 1.0

9.5 ± 1.2 / 9.7 ± 1.3

9.2 ± 1.1

10.7 ± 0.7 / 10.7 ± 0.7

 

Elan

7.9 ± 3.0

3.7 ± 4.0 / 5.2 ± 4.6

8.5 ± 1.9

5.6 ± 4.3 / 9.7 ± 5.0

 

Proprio

2.7 ± 1.9

−0.6 ± 2.8 / 1.2 ± 3.6

8.4 ± 3.7

4.1 ± 6.2 / 8.0 ± 4.7

 

TSA

11.7 ± 2.8

6.1 ± 3.6 / 9.2 ± 2.8

11.7 ± 1.8

6.3 ± 4.4 / 9.0 ± 5.0

 

Raize

12.4 ± 2.2

 

11.5 ± 1.4

  

Up

Everyday Feet

−1.9 ± 0.8

−5.2 ± 3.9

−12.0 ± 4.7

−9.8 ± 5.6

−10.1 ± 1.3

Meridium

−9.1 ± 0.7

−9.7 ± 1.9

−9.5 ± 1.7

−9.4 ± 1.4

 

Elan

−3.3 ± 3.0

−7.4 ± 1.5

−11.3 ± 1.1

−11.4 ± 1.8

 

Proprio

−3.8 ± 1.6

−4.4 ± 1.1

−12.6 ± 1.7

−11.0 ± 1.7

 

TSA

−7.5 ± 5.1

−0.8 ± 0.7

−10.6 ± 2.2

−12.6 ± 3.2

 

Raize

−4.4 ± 4.6

 

−12.9 ± 4.3

  

Δ knee angle

Down (KSF on/off)

Everyday Feet

−8.9 ± 7.9

−15.2 ± 8.1 / -15.5 ± 11.5

−4.3 ± 9.3

−14.5 ± 12.3/ -11.0 ± 12.1

−0.9 ± 2.1

Meridium

−2.2 ± 2.5

−1.8 ± 2.1 / -0.5 ± 1.3

−0.3 ± 1.7

0.3 ± 1.1 / 0.4 ± 1.1

 

Elan

−7.9 ± 2.5

−15.0 ± 5.7 / -9.9 ± 11.0

−1.8 ± 4.0

−14.6 ± 5.7 / -4.0 ± 6.0

 

Proprio

−13.2 ± 6.9

−22.2 ± 8.7 / -14.7 ± 15.7

−4.5 ± 6.8

−17.4 ± 10.6 / -7.3 ± 9.9

 

TSA

−1.8 ± 2.0

−8.1 ± 3.7 / -2.9 ± 4.2

−0.4 ± 2.7

−13.7 ± 8.7 / -6.5 ± 8.8

 

Raize

−1.7 ± 2.6

 

0.4 ± 1.6

  

Up

Everyday Feet

2.2 ± 14.6

0.3 ± 0.4

−4.1 ± 6.8

−2.0 ± 4.2

−1.7 ± 1.8

Meridium

0.5 ± 1.2

0.4 ± 0.8

−1.9 ± 1.4

−1.9 ± 2.3

 

Elan

9.4 ± 2.9

0.8 ± 0.3

−0.7 ± 0.7

−0.2 ± 2.0

 

Proprio

0.5 ± 15.4

0.8 ± 0.6

−3.2 ± 3.7

0.5 ± 0.9

 

TSA

4.3 ± 10.5

0.5 ± 0.3

−1.4 ± 1.5

−0.8 ± 2.7

 

Raize

3.9 ± 12.1

 

−3.3 ± 7.9

  

Δ thigh angle

Down (KSF on/off)

Everyday Feet

−7.9 ± 3.5

−9.8 ± 3.1 / -10.9 ± 3.6

−5.2 ± 3.1

−10.2 ± 5.0 / -8.1 ± 4.6

−1.2 ± 2.2

Meridium

−1.2 ± 1.5

−2.2 ± 1.6 / -1.1 ± 0.8

−0.2 ± 0.7

−0.7 ± 1.6 / -0.5 ± 0.8

 

Elan

−6.4 ± 1.7

−9.8 ± 1.5 / -8.5 ± 1.7

−2.1 ± 1.8

−10.0 ± 2.2 / -4.8 ± 0.9

 

Proprio

−8.7 ± 2.1

−13.6 ± 5.1 / -10.5 ± 7.5

−4.4 ± 3.2

−11.6 ± 4.9 / -6.9 ± 4.5

 

TSA

−6.4 ± 3.0

−6.7 ± 1.8 / -4.4 ± 1.8

−3.2 ± 0.9

−10.2 ± 5.1 / -6.6 ± 5.0

 

Raize

−4.7 ± 2.9

 

−2.6 ± 0.7

  

Up

Everyday Feet

0.9 ± 5.5

2.3 ± 2.1

−1.7 ± 1.8

1.7 ± 0.9

−0.4 ± 1.4

Meridium

−0.3 ± 0.6

0.0 ± 1.6

−1.4 ± 0.8

−1.1 ± 1.3

 

Elan

3.4 ± 1.5

2.5 ± 1.3

−0.4 ± 1.2

2.4 ± 1.7

 

Proprio

2.3 ± 5.2

1.7 ± 0.8

−0.7 ± 2.5

2.7 ± 1.6

 

TSA

1.7 ± 4.9

2.1 ± 1.4

−0.7 ± 0.9

2.0 ± 1.1

 

Raize

1.0 ± 3.7

 

−1.4 ± 2.1

  
  1. Mean leg joint angles in ° ± SD shown. Significant differences to the reference group (non-Amp) marked bold (p < 0.0083 for TT and p < 0.01 for TF). Values are differences to level standing, i.e. ankle angle: positive – more plantar flexed, negative – more dorsiflexed; knee and hip angle: positive – more extended, negative – more flexed