From: Cervical trans-spinal direct current stimulation: a modelling-experimental approach
Neurophysiological parameters | Mean ± STD | repeated-measures ANOVA results | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sham | Anodal | Cathodal | F | df | df error | p value | ||
upper limb MEP (ADM) | Amplitude (μV) | 1.0 ± 0.6 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 1.303 | 2 | 18 | 0.296 |
Area (mA) | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 2.1 ± 1.4 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.324 | 2 | 18 | 0.291 | |
Latency (ms) | 21.1 ± 0.6 | 21.1 ± 1.0 | 20.2 ± 1.0 | 3.139 | 2 | 18 | 0.007a | |
lower limb MEP (AH) | Amplitude (μV) | 1.4 ± 0.9 | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 1.4 ± 0.8 | 0.009 | 2 | 18 | 0.991 |
Area (mA) | 2.5 ± 2.1 | 2.5 ± 1.5 | 2.4 ± 1.7 | 0.025 | 2 | 18 | 0.976 | |
Latency (ms) | 37.5 ± 2.2 | 38.2 ± 2.3 | 37.6 ± 2.1 | 1.184 | 2 | 18 | 0.329 | |
CSP | Duration (ms) | 143 ± 43 | 142 ± 49 | 147 ± 36 | 0.184 | 2 | 18 | 0.834 |
M-wave | Amplitude (mV) | 4.5 ± 1.7 | 4.7 ± 2.2 | 3.8 ± 1.7 | 1.998 | 2 | 8 | 0.198 |
(median) | Latency (ms) | 3.1 ± 0.2 | 3.1 ± 0.4 | 3.2 ± 0.3 | 0.201 | 2 | 8 | 0.822 |
H-reflex (median) | Hmax (mV) | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.5 ± 0.6 | 1.104 | 2 | 8 | 0.377 |
Min Lat (ms) | 21.2 ± 1.6 | 21.0 ± 2.1 | 22.3 ± 2.6 | 1.284 | 2 | 8 | 0.328 | |
H:M | 0.08 ± 0.05 | 0.06 ± 0.03 | 0.12 ± 0.10 | 1.601 | 2 | 8 | 0.260 | |
Threshold (mA) | 3.4 ± 1.4 | 3.8 ± 1.1 | 3.5 ± 1.3 | 0.582 | 2 | 8 | 0.581 | |
M-wave | Amplitude (mV) | 16.4 ± 3.3 | 16.1 ± 3.6 | 16.0 ± 3.3 | 0.562 | 2 | 8 | 0.591 |
(ulnar) | Latency (ms) | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 2.4 ± 0.3 | 4.072 | 2 | 8 | 0.060 |
F-wave (ulnar) | Amplitude (μV) | 206 ± 163 | 203 ± 155 | 214 ± 145 | 0.310 | 2 | 8 | 0.742 |
Area (μA) | 903 ± 838 | 794 ± 761 | 890 ± 683 | 0.924 | 2 | 8 | 0.436 | |
Min Lat (ms) | 25.1 ± 1.8 | 25.1 ± 1.7 | 25.4 ± 2.3 | 0.454 | 2 | 8 | 0.651 | |
Mean Lat (ms) | 26.8 ± 1.8 | 27.2 ± 1.9 | 27.6 ± 1.6 | 1.530 | 2 | 8 | 0.274 | |
Max Lat (ms) | 29.0 ± 1.9 | 29.1 ± 2.0 | 29.8 ± 2.3 | 1.046 | 2 | 8 | 0.395 | |
Chronodispersionc | 3.9 ± 1.4 | 4.0 ± 1.3 | 4.4 ± 1.7 | 0.508b | 1.041 | 4.164 | 0.521 | |
Persistence | 18 ± 2 | 16 ± 5 | 18 ± 3 | 2.344 | 2 | 8 | 0.158 | |
PMCTd | Duration (ms) | 13.2 ± 0.9 | 13.2 ± 0.9 | 13.4 ± 1.1 | 1.106 | 2 | 8 | 0.377 |
CMCTe | Duration (ms) | 7.8 ± 0.5 | 7.9 ± 0.8 | 6.9 ± 0.7 | 7.422 | 2 | 8 | 0.015a |
Min Duration (ms) | 7.1 ± 0.7 | 6.7 ± 0.9 | 6.3 ± 1.0 | 2.610 | 2 | 8 | 0.134 |