Dynamic changes of region-specific cortical features and scalp-to-cortex distance: implications for transcranial current stimulation modeling

Table 2 Longitudinal changes of cortical features of left M1 and DLPFC

Morphometric measures	NA adults (n = 32)	MCI converters (n = 22)	t value	p value
Left M1
GMV (×10³ mm³)
Baseline	19.55 ± 2.58	18.37 ± 3.03	1.47	0.148
1st year FU	19.39 ± 2.35	18.67 ± 2.86	0.96	0.341
3rd year FU	19.24 ± 2.65	18.63 ± 3.49	0.71	0.487
WMV (×10³ mm³)
Baseline	7.01 ± 2.02	6.27 ± 1.44	1.41	0.168
1st year FU	7.26 ± 1.98	6.39 ± 1.41	1.67	0.101
3rd year FU	6.91 ± 1.54	6.82 ± 1.71	0.17	0.861
Cortical thickness (mm)
Baseline	4.14 ± 0.42	4.25 ± 0.55	− 0.841	0.405
1st year FU	4.09 ± 0.43	4.07 ± 0.43	0.171	0.865
3rd year FU	4.14 ± 0.51	4.06 ± 0.34	0.588	0.559
Gyrification Index (GI)
Baseline	1.53 ± 0.26	1.72 ± 0.38	− 2.09	0.068
1st year FU	1.48 ± 0.29	1.73 ± 0.51	− 2.26	0.029
3rd year FU	1.55 ± 0.35	1.46 ± 0.21	1.17	0.248
Left DLPFC
GMV (×10³ mm³)
Baseline	20.23 ± 4.01	17.89 ± 3.35	2.215	0.032
1st year FU	19.62 ± 3.14	18.24 ± 3.79	1.391	0.171
3rd year FU	19.54 ± 3.57	18.17 ± 4.27	1.218	0.229
WMV (×10³ mm³)
Baseline	5.48 ± 1.58	4.62 ± 1.05	2.325	0.024
1st year FU	5.45 ± 1.65	4.76 ± 1.18	1.604	0.115
3rd year FU	5.25 ± 1.35	4.94 ± 1.49	0.764	0.449
Cortical thickness (mm)
Baseline	5.02 ± 0.52	4.98 ± 0.72	0.236	0.815
1st year FU	5.05 ± 0.61	4.97 ± 0.41	0.357	0.722
3rd year FU	4.97 ± 0.41	4.85 ± 0.63	0.818	0.417
Gyrification Index (GI)
Baseline	2.05 ± 0.38	2.16 ± 0.32	− 1.01	0.386
1st year FU	2.06 ± 0.41	2.16 ± 0.36	− 0.91	0.258
3rd year FU	2.06 ± 0.32	2.04 ± 0.25	0.32	0.737

Data are raw scores and presented as mean ± SD
FU follow-up, M1 primary motor area, DLPFC dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, GMV grey matter volume, WMV white matter volume

ISSN: 1743-0003