Table 2 Results on outcome measures
| Â | Intervention group | Within group difference | Control group | Within group differences | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T0 | T1 | T2 | T3 | α ≤ 0.025 | T0 | T1 | T2 | T3 | α ≤ 0.025 | |||
n = 24 | n = 24 | n = 24 | n = 23 | T0-T2 | T2-T3 | n = 21 | n = 21 | n = 21 | n = 14 | T0-T2 | T2-T3 | |
WMFT | ||||||||||||
 Functional ability | 52.00 (39.50–55.00) | 51.50 (45.25–59.75) | 55.50 (49.25–63.00) | 59.00 (51.00–67.00) | p = 0.000 | p = 0.000 | 49.00 (43.50–55.50) | 51.00 (44.00–62.00) | 55.00 (45.00–63.50) | 57.50 (51.00–68.75) | p = 0.000 | p = 0.066 |
 Time | 64.28 (47.65–135.99) | 54.11 (41.84–88.91) | 53.60 (37.23–85.79) | 42.03 (36.01–69.13) | p = 0.003 | p = 0.002 | 52.20 (36.12–102.54) | 45.63 (29.03–77.19) | 43.00 (28.22–82.82) | 42.95 (30.90–63.14) | p = 0.004 | p = 0.050 |
MAM-36 | 93.50 (68.50–112.75) | 107.00 (79.50–124.50) | 112.00 (95.25–130.00) | 110.00 (81.00–132.00) | p = 0.000 | p = 0.711 | 105.00 (94.50–125.50) | 108.00 (97.00–129.50) | 107.00 (93.50–128.50) | 122.00 (103.00–135.75) | p = 0.204 | p = 0.016 |
COPM | ||||||||||||
 Performance | 24.00 (14.25–29.75) | NA | 29.00 (22.75–33.00) | 30.00 (21.00–36.00) | p = 0.001 | p = 0.041 | 18.00 (10.50–23.00) | NA | 20.00 (16.50–30.00) | 25.00 (18.50–34.50) | p = 0.008 | p = 0.011 |
 Satisfaction | 24.50 (15.75–31.00) | NA | 29.50 (21.25–35.75) | 30.50 (19.50–39.50) | p = 0.002 | p = 0.059 | 15.00 (8.00–24.00) | NA | 20.00 (16.00–27.50) | 29.00 (19.00–39.00) | p = 0.005 | p = 0.085 |
SF-36 | ||||||||||||
 Health change | 25.00 (0.00–43.75) | 25.00 (0.00–50.00) | 25.00 (6.25–50.00) | 25.00 (0.00–75.00) | p = 0.178 | p = 0.596 | 25.00 (0.00–50.00) | 25.00 (0.00–50.00) | 50.00 (0.00–50.00) | 25.00 (0.00–56.25) | p = 0.305 | p = 0.655 |
 Physical functioning | 40.00 (21.25–66.25) | 47.50 (31.25–81.25) | 52.50 (36.25–81.25) | 45.00 (30.00–80.00) | p = 0.056 | p = 0.913 | 55.00 (30.00–70.00) | 50.00 (30.00–75.00) | 55.00 (30.00–80.00) | 65.00 (30.00–81.25) | p = 0.586 | p = 0.161 |
 Role functioning/physical | 25.00 (0.00–50.00) | 37.50 (0.00–68.75) | 25.00 (0.00–68.75) | 25.00 (0.00–75.00) | p = 0.977 | p = 0.415 | 25.00 (0.00–62.50) | 25.00 (12.50–50.00) | 25.00 (0.00–50.00) | 50.00 (0.00–75.00) | p = 0.273 | p = 0.157 |
 Role functioning/emotional | 100.00 (67.00–100.00) | 100.00 (66.70–100.00) | 100.00 (33.33–100.00) | 100.00 (66.70–100.00) | p = 0.504 | p = 0.452 | 100.00 (50.00–100.00) | 100.00 (33.30–100.00) | 100.00 (33.30–100.00) | 100.00 (33.30–100.00) | p = 0.397 | p = 0.527 |
 Energy/fatigue | 67.50 (60.00–80.00) | 70.00 (50.00–80.00) | 62.50 (41.25–83.75) | 70.00 (50.00–85.00) | p = 0.269 | p = 0.046 | 60.00 (47.50–75.00) | 65.00 (47.50–75.00) | 65.00 (47.50–80.00) | 70.00 (53.75–85.00) | p = 0.435 | p = 0.226 |
 Emotional well-being | 78.00 (68.00–91.00) | 80.00 (53.00–92.00) | 76.00 (49.00–88.00) | 80.00 (56.00–92.00) | p = 0.137 | p = 0.057 | 72.00 (64.00–86.00) | 80.00 (60.00–86.00- | 80.00 (62.00–90.00) | 88.00 (63.00–100.00) | p = 0.302 | p = 0.306 |
 Social functioning | 75.00 (63.00–97.00) | 87.50 (62.50–100.00) | 87.50 (62.50–100.00) | 87.50 (62.50–100.00) | p = 0.146 | p = 0.836 | 75.00 (44.00–88.00) | 62.50 (62.50–87.50) | 62.50 (50.00–87.50) | 68.75 (50.00–78.13) | p = 0.574 | p = 0.932 |
 Pain | 68.00 (47.50–79.50) | 73.75 (47.50–89.38) | 70.00 (55.63–90.00) | 67.50 (55.00–90.00) | p = 0.284 | p = 0.649 | 68.00 (46.50–95.00) | 67.50 (45.00–100.00) | 77.50 (45.00–100.00) | 77.50 (67.50–100.00) | p = 0.875 | p = 0.733 |
 General health | 55.00 (45.00–73.75) | 62.50 (35.00–88.75) | 57.50 (45.00–83.75) | 50.00 (45.00–75.00) | p = 0.214 | p = 0.188 | 45.00 (30.00–72.50) | 60.00 (37.50–75.00) | 55.00 (35.00–72.50) | 50.00 (27.50–73.75) | p = 0.951 | p = 0.305 |
 MFIS | 27.00 (10.50–36.00) | 22.00 (10.00–40.00) | 25.50 (7.75–39.75) | 24.00 (6.00–35.00) | p = 0.891 | p = 0.570 | 28.00 (20.50–37.50) | 31.00 (19.00–36.50) | 33.00 (17.00–39.00) | 20.50 (10.75–36.50) | p = 0.809 | p = 0.514 |
 TIS | 15.00 (13.00–19.00) | 17.50 (16.00–21.75) | 20.50 (17.00–22.00) | 22.00 (16.00–23.00) | p = 0.000 | p = 0.306 | 14.00 (11.50–18.50) | 17.00 (14.00–20.50) | 17.00 (13.50–23.00) | 21.00 (16.75–23.00) | p = 0.002 | p = 0.102 |
AROM | ||||||||||||
 Abduction | 86.50 (66.25–124.75) | 89.00 (75.50–137.00) | 97.50 (82.25–131.00) | 112.00 (85.00–148.00) | p = 0.014 | p = 0.025 | 118.00 (73.50–146.00) | 119.00 (68.00–145.00) | 114.00 (70.00–140.50) | 132.00 (103.50–152.50) | p = 0.296 | p = 0.298 |
 Flexion | 98.50 (78.25–126.75) | 107.50 (87.75–130.50) | 108.50 (91.75–131.75) | 118.00 (100.00–137.00) | p = 0.011 | p = 0.046 | 120.00 (88.50–145.00) | 122.00 (107.50–143.00) | 123.00 (101.00–141.50) | 130.00 (120.75–159.00) | p = 0.149 | p = 0.006 |