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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants with vestibular migraine (n = 23)

From: The effects of visual context on visual-vestibular mismatch revealed by electrodermal and postural response measures

Variable

 + VVM [13]

−VVM [10]

Gender

  

 Female

10 (77%)

4 (40%)

 Male

3 (23%)

6 (60%)

Age (years)

  

Mean ± SD

34 ± 9

34 ± 8

BMI (kg/m2)***

  

Mean ± SD

30 ± 8

26 ± 5

Handedness

  

 Right-handed

13 (100%)

9 (90%)

 Left-handed

 − 

1 (10%)

Rapid assessment of physical activity

  

 Active

4 (31%)

1 (10%)

 Under active

8 (61%)

8 (80%)

 Sedentary

1 (8%)

1 (10%)

Activities of balance confidence***

  

Mean ± SD

71 ± 22

95 ± 12

RFT (visual dependency)

Mean ± SD (angle deviation)**

14 ± 4

10 ± 4

 Dependent

11 (85%)

8 (80%)

 Non-dependent

2 (15%)

2 (20%)

Visual vertigo analog scale***

  

Mean ± SD

52 ± 13

5 ± 10

Dizziness handicap inventory***

  

Mean ± SD

48 ± 24

9 ± 19

Vertigo symptoms scale-short for***

  

Mean ± SD

14 ± 7

5 ± 6

Origin

  

 Vestibular

7 (54%)

1 (10%)

 Autonomic

6 (46%)

8 (80%)

 Both

–

1 (10%)

  1. Positive visual-vestibular mismatch (+ VVM); Negative visual-vestibular mismatch (−VVM); standard deviation (SD); *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001