Fig. 1

Experimental setups and Virtual environments. a, c, and e: Experiment 1; b, d, and f: Experiment 2; a and b: Experimental setup; c and d: Virtual room with the avatar, fruit locations color-coded by depth usage (red: no, yellow: only, orange: combined), the workspace center (green), and trackers plus arm animation hints; e and f: Participants’ view with the avatar from a first-person perspective and task elements (fruits and blue sphere)