Table 1 Summary of participant demographics and clinical characteristics (mean ± standard deviation)

Generic characteristics

Sex (Male/Female)

11/9

16/4

11/9

8/11

9/8

8/4

Age (years)

71.7 ± 5.8

69.8 ± 7.2

48.7 ± 9.7

80.0 ± 8.5

69.4 ± 9.1

69.1 ± 11.7

Height (m)

1.66 ± 0.10

1.73 ± 0.07

1.71 ± 0.13

1.69 ± 0.08

1.69 ± 0.07

1.74 ± 0.10

Weight (kg)

75.1 ± 11.8

78.2 ± 14.4

84.0 ± 22.9

68.4 ± 16.0

73.7 ± 14.2

84.5 ± 16.8

Cognition

MoCA^†

27.7 ± 2.6

24.6 ± 4.0

26.7 ± 3.1

24.1 ± 4.2

24.6 ± 3.4

27.1 ± 2.9

No. of fallers

Had a fall in last 12 months

3

10

11

19

1

3

Pain—VAS Score (0, no pain – 100 worst)

General

11.1 ± 18.6

20.5 ± 26.4

23.4 ± 24.7

13.2 ± 16.9

14.1 ± 16.1

16.8 ± 28.1

When walking

8.1 ± 13.9

21.8 ± 27.2

26.4 ± 32.5

25.5 ± 27.4

13 ± 14.4

17.8 ± 30.1

No. of walking aid users

General use

1

6

5

13

1

4

Laboratory protocol

0

1

3

6

0

4

Cohort-specific outcomes

LLFDI^†

73.53 ± 14.22

60.26 ± 12.51

57.34 ± 10.66

52.59 ± 16.61

59.07 ± 7.96

67.29 ± 21.35

UPDRS III^†

–

28.4 ± 13.6

–

–

–

–

H&Y Score^†

–

I n = 4, II n = 11, III n = 5

–

–

–

–

EDSS^†

–

–

3.5 ± 1.7

–

–

–

SPPB^†

–

–

–

6.2 ± 3.9

–

–

CAT score^†

(0, best–40, worst)

–

–

–

–

16.6 ± 8.9

–

FEV₁^† (L)

–

–

–

–

1.6 ± 0.6

–

FVC^† (L)

–

–

–

–

2.9 ± 0.7

–

6MWT^† distance (m)

–

–

–

–

357.6 ± 88.5

370.7 ± 115.6

KCCQ^†

–

–

–

–

–

80.5 ± 20.2