Table 4 Main findings in meta-analyses
| Â | Summary of findings | Grade quality evidence | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Effect size heter | Publication bias | ||||||||||||||
K | N | Ns | SMD | 95% CI | I2 (p-value) | funnel plot (Egger p-value) | trim and fill | Risk of bias | Incons | Indirect | Imprec | Publication bias | Quality evidence | ||
Adj SMD | % var (%) | ||||||||||||||
Functional balance | 16 | 451 | 28.1 | 0.8 | 0.47 to 1.14 | 0% (p = 0.47) | Slightly Asym (p = 0.89) | 0.94 | 16 | Medium | No | No | Yes | Probable | Moderate |
Dynamic balance | 16 | 494 | 30.8 | − 0.3 | − 0.48 to − 0.11 | 3.7% (p = 0.48) | Asym (p = 0.24) | − 0.18 | 42 | Medium | No | No | Yes | Yes | Low |
Sway area EC | 3 | 81 | 27 | − 0.54 | − 0.99 to − 0.1 | 0% (p = 0.55) | Slightly Asym (p = 0.27) | − 0.54 | 0 | Medium | No | No | Yes | No | Very-low |
Centre of pressure escursion EO | 8 | 189 | 23.6 | − 0.25 | − 0.5 to − 0.01 | 0% (p = 0.99) | Asym (p = 0.48) | − 0.26 | 8 | Medium | No | No | Yes | Probable | Low |
Confidence of balance | 4 | 176 | 44 | 0.43 | 0.15 to 0.71 | 0% (p = 0.93) | Slightly Asym (p = 0.51) | 0.43 | 0 | Medium | No | No | Yes | No | Low |
Fear of falling | 3 | 101 | 33.6 | − 1.04 | − 2 to − 0.07 | 14.2% (p = 0.31) | Slightly Asym (p = 0.1) | − 1.04 | 0 | Medium | No | No | Yes | No | Low |
Gait speed | 9 | 251 | 27.8 | − 0.11 | − 0.35 to 0.14 | 0% (p = 0.53) | Asym (p = 0.12) | − 0.06 | 46 | Medium | No | No | Yes | Yes | Low |