Fig. 2

Functional electrical stimulation improves symptoms of major depressive disorder. Distributions of depression scores measured in participants with major depressive disorder (n = 10) at baseline and after 10 sessions of bilateral functional electrical stimulation (FES) of the zygomaticus major and orbicularis oculi muscles. Both the (A) Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D, p = .005); and (B) Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (IDS, p = .008) scores were significantly reduced post-FES. Created with RAWGraphs 2.0 beta, using the data from Kapadia et al. (2019) [11].