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Table 2 Comparison of performance

From: Change in activity patterns in the prefrontal cortex in different phases during the dual-task walking in older adults

 

Older adults

(N = 20)

Younger adults

(N = 15)

Main effect

Interaction effect

Single task

Dual task

Single task

Dual task

Task

Group

Task by Group

Motor task

 Speed, m/s

1.20 ± 0.11

1.10 ± 0.11a

1.23 ± 0.07

1.21 ± 0.14f

P = 0.002

(F = 11.778)

P = 0.032

(F = 5.013)

P = 0.027

(F = 5.339)

 Stride length, cm

126.70 ± 11.87

120 ± 10.67a

132.62 ± 10.70

129.53 ± 12.79f

P < 0.001

(F = 16.664)

P = 0.50

(F = 4.138)

P = 0.157

(F = 2.096)

 Variability, %

1.90 ± 0.79

2.27 ± 0.93

1.47 ± 0.65

1.62 ± 0.64f

P = 0.145

(F = 2.226)

P = 0.011

(F = 7.299)

P = 0.523

(F = 0.416)

 Cadence, step/min

117.73 ± 5.40

110.86 ± 5.51a

120.77 ± 7.51

117.82 ± 7.8c, e

P < 0.001

(F = 47.249)

P = 0.023

(F = 5.681)

P = 0.010

(F = 7.530)

 Swing phase, s

0.37 ± 0.02

0.37 ± 0.02

0.38 ± 0.02

0.39 ± 0.04f

P = 0.309

(F = 1.067)

P = 0.060

(F = 3.805)

P = 0.112

(F = 2.667)

 Double limb support phase, s

0.30 ± 0.04

0.33 ± 0.03a

0.30 ± 0.03

0.32 ± 0.05c

P < 0.001

(F = 17.494)

P = 0.540

(F = 0.384)

P = 0.364

(F = 0.848)

Cognitive task

      

 Total response, n

15.06 ± 4.03

7.89 ± 3.47a

16.97 ± 3.77

12.95 ± 4.60a, e

P < 0.001

(F = 168.873)

P = 0.010

(F = 7.402)

P = 0.001

(F = 13.362)

 Correct response, n

14.75 ± 4.12

7.10 ± 3.63a

16.60 ± 3.85

12.53 ± 4.56a, d

P < 0.001

(F = 145.171)

P = 0.008

(F = 8.006)

P = 0.001

(F = 13.578)

 Incorrect

response, n

0.31 ± 0.52

0.79 ± 0.96c

0.37 ± 0.60

0.42 ± 0.82

P = 0.080

(F = 3.273)

P = 0.464

(F = 0.550)

P = 0.142

(F = 2.263)

 Accuracy rate, %

97.76 ± 3.64

88.88 ± 13.58b

97.63 ± 3.43

96.65 ± 5.84f

P = 0.010

(F = 7.400)

P = 0.080

(F = 3.254)

P = 0.037

(F = 4.749)

 Error rate, %

2.44 ± 4.06

13.81 ± 17.22a

2.55 ± 3.74

3.88 ± 7.33f

P = 0.009

(F = 7.691)

P = 0.071

(F = 3.468)

P = 0.035

(F = 4.808)

  1. ap < 0.001, between single- and dual-task
  2. bp < 0.01, between single- and dual-task
  3. cp < 0.05, between single- and dual-task
  4. dp < 0.001, between groups in dual-task condition
  5. ep < 0.01, between groups in dual-task condition
  6. fp < 0.05, between groups in dual-task condition
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Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation

ISSN: 1743-0003

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