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Table 2 Comparison of characteristics between the better and poorer response groups

From: Suitability of visual cues for freezing of gait in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease: a case–control pilot study

 

Better response group (n = 5)

Poorer response group (n = 5)

Between group difference

p-value, effect size r

DAT SUVR

   

Anterior putamen

2.86 (2.47, 3.11)

1.86 (1.84, 1.92)

0.009, − 0.826*

Posterior putamen

1.51 (1.44, 1.66)

1.40 (1.35, 1.41)

0.047, − 0.628*

Ventral putamen

1.82 (1.68, 2.05)

1.86 (1.57, 1.97)

0.917

Anterior caudate

1.66 (1.09, 2.45)

2.12 (1.60, 2.38)

0.465

Posterior caudate

1.02 (0.47, 1.36)

1.39 (0.94, 1.62)

0.117

Ventral striatum

3.68 (3.50, 4.27)

3.85 (3.81, 3.94)

0.117

Total occurrence number of FOG

   

Without cueing

9.00 (9.00, 9.00)

9.00 (9.00, 9.00)

1.000

Visual cueing

3.00 (1.50, 4.50)

7.00 (6.50, 8.50)

0.011, − 0.800*

Within group difference,

p -value, effect size r

0.04, − 0.91 **

0.07

NA

Mean duration of FOG

   

Without cueing, seconds

4.10 (3.65, 5.00)

7.10 (5.15, 17.00)

0.028, − 0.694*

Visual cueing, seconds

2.20 (1.95, 2.65)

8.20 (5.30, 18.30)

0.009, − 0.828*

Within group difference,

p -value, effect size r

0.04, − 0.91 **

0.27

NA

Proportion of FOG duration in the total gait cycles

   

Without cueing, %

50.00 (48.57, 50.46)

50.52 (48.88, 63.51)

0.220

Visual cueing, %

43.06 (38.90, 45.28)

57.86 (54.89, 61.92)

0.008, − 0.826*

Within group difference,

p -value, effect size r

0.04, − 0.90**

0.23

NA

  1. Data are presented as median (25th, 75th percentiles), or number. DAT dopamine active transporter availability, SUVR standardized uptake value ratio, FOG freezing of gait, NA not applicable.
  2. *Significant difference in the Mann–Whitney U-test p-value (effect size).
  3. **Significant difference in the Wilcoxon signed rank test.