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Table 2 Absolute power of alpha and beta in the frontal, the central, and the posterior area during eyes closed

From: Effects of anodal tDCS on resting state eeg power and motor function in acute stroke: a randomized controlled trial

Areas

Hemispheres

Bands

Groups

Means (SD)/median (Q1; Q3)

Within group comparison

p-value (effect size)

Between groups comparison

p-value (effect size)

Interaction effect (Time x Group)

Pre

Post

F/U

Overall

Pre vs Post

Pre vs F/U

Post vs F/U

Overall

At pre

At Post

At F/U

Frontal

Lesioned

Alpha

Anodal

7.97 (4.69;25.67)

13.60 (3.95;33.07)

11.53 (7.19;28.79)

0.005

0.053 (0.37)

0.006* (0.37)

1.000 (0.04)

–

0.158 (0.06)

0.455 (0.28)

0.245 (0.44)

–

Sham

14.16 (10.14;18.05)

16.53 (11.88;29.20)

19.26 (13.67;30.82)

0.127

–

–

–

Beta

Anodal

6.67 (4.22;11.81)

6.68 (5.41;13.51)

9.11 (6.66;12.48)

0.155

–

–

–

–

0.455 (0.40)

0.803 (0.10)

0.125 (0.59)

–

Sham

6.31 (5.39;9.36)

7.92 (5.57;9.62)

7.71 (4.75;9.32)

0.936

–

–

–

Non-lesioned

Alpha

Anodal

7.30 (4.59;24.53)

12.68 (3.95;30.07)

9.05 (7.11;28.02)

0.002

0.010* (0.38)

0.006* (0.37)

1.000 (0.02)

–

0.158 (0.13)

0.300 (0.39)

0.184 (0.51)

–

Sham

12.94 (10.25;17.14)

20.91 (12.46;26.86)

20.43 (13.64;31.27)

0.155

–

–

–

Beta

Anodal

7.08 (4.18;9.26)

7.96 (4.90;15.37)

8.54 (6.83;10.84)

0.008

0.204 (0.51)

0.006* (0.64)

0.604 (0.09)

–

0.934 (0.09)

0.967 (0.02)

0.431 (0.30)

–

Sham

7.11 (4.85;7.84)

7.52 (5.55;10.77)

7.55 (6.05;9.58)

0.344

–

–

–

Central

Lesioned

Alpha

Anodal

14.11 (5.39;28.43)

22.07 (4.06;34.35)

13.05 (10.66;39.23)

0.041

0.085 (0.44)

0.085 (0.36)

1.000 (0.08)

–

0.320 (0.03)

0.836 (0.08)

0.407 (0.31)

–

Sham

15.46 (11.35;22.49)

22.29 (12.68;27.84)

21.85 (15.65;31.09)

0.189

–

–

–

Beta

Anodal

7.75 (5.94;10.55)

9.00 (6.78;14.93)

11.26 (8.28;14.81)

0.038

0.604 (0.29)

0.032 (0.60)

0.604 (0.35)

–

0.590 (0.44)

0.740 (0.13)

0.074 (0.70)

–

Sham

7.046 (3.77;10.84)

10.04 (5.60;13.12)

9.28 (4.81;12.41)

0.344

–

–

–

Non-lesioned

Alpha

Anodal

10.46 (6.04;25.71)

19.59 (4.26;38.04)

13.63 (10.52;34.90)

0.002

0.010* (0.44)

0.006* (0.38)

1.000 (0.05)

–

0.263 (0.18)

0.431 (0.30)

0.199 (0.49)

–

Sham

17.11 (11.03;27.42)

26.31 (16.13;28.76)

28.95 (17.00;34.98)

0.038

0.134 (0.62)

0.053 (0.70)

1.000 (0.02)

Beta

Anodal

7.57 (4.73;9.15)

8.61 (8.96;14.55)

9.49 (7.26;14.36)

 < 0.001

0.019 (0.48)

 < 0.001* (0.66)

0.820 (0.20)

–

0.934 (0.04)

0.967 (0.02)

0.455 (0.28)

–

Sham

8.33 (4.09;11.02)

9.03 (6.00;13.32)

9.98 (6.02;12.24)

0.420

–

–

–

Posterior

Lesioned

Alpha

Anodal

14.90 (7.97;23.28)

22.18 (4.12;45.81)

15.68 (9.19;53.40)

0.038

0.053 (0.53)

0.134 (0.45)

1.000 (0.05)

–

0.934 (0.22)

0.709 (0.14)

0.740 (0.13)

–

Sham

13.83 (9.40;22.18)

17.80 (10.43;35.68)

18.78 (14.52;34.86)

0.085

–

–

–

Beta

Anodal

5.61 (4.54;9.55)

7.01 (6.09;9.29)

7.99 (6.94;11.54)

0.002

0.134 (0.36)

0.002* (0.57)

0.432 (0.19)

–

0.619 (0.35)

0.967 (0.02)

0.561 (0.22)

–

Sham

5.99 (3.21;9.11)

7.82 (4.47;10.57)

8.00 (4.25;10.93)

0.127

–

–

–

Non-lesioned

Alpha

Anodal

14.72 (7.64;19.76)

18.92 (5.35;53.24)

15.59 (8.41;42.43)

0.002

0.003* (0.55)

0.019 (0.45)

1.000 (0.09)

–

0.868 (0.04)

0.740 (0.13)

0.361 (0.35)

–

Sham

13.85 (9.00;28.32)

22.61 (15.36;41.57)

27.66 (14.11;44.21)

0.005

0.053 (0.70)

0.006* (0.77)

1.000 (0.15)

Beta

Anodal

5.71 (4.41;11.18)

7.75 (5.94;9.51)

8.51 (7.10;10.67)

 < 0.001

0.019 (0.38)

 < 0.001* (0.58)

0.820 (0.23)

–

0.868 (0.24)

1.000 (0.01)

0.836 (0.08)

–

Sham

6.75 (3.23;8.73)

7.11 (4.40;13.58)

7.77 (5.69;13.52)

0.031

0.204 (0.68)

0.032 (0.75)

1.000 (0.15)

  1. *Statistically significant after Bonferroni’s correction (p < 0.016), Bolded number indicate statistically significant, Cohen’s values of 0.20, 0.50, and 0.80 were interpreted as small, moderate, and large effect sizes, respectively