Table 2 Methodological quality of included studies based on Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale
Study | Point estimates & variability | Between group comparison | Intention to treat | Adequate follow-up | Blind assessors | Blind therapists | Blind subjects | Baseline comparability | Concealed allocation | Random allocation | Eligibility criteria* | Total score | Methodological quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Benninger et al., 2010 [45] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 7 | Good |
Beretta et al., 2020 [46] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 7 | Good |
Bueno et al., 2019 [47] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Y | 8 | Good |
Chang et al., 2017 [61] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Y | 8 | Good |
Conceição et al., 2021 [63] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 6 | Good |
Costa-Ribeiro et al., 2017 [55] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Y | 9 | Excellent |
Criminger et al., 2018 [42] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 6 | Good |
Dagan et al., 2018 [43] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 8 | Good |
Fernández-Lago et al., 2017 [57] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 5 | Fair |
Kaski et al., 2014 [41] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 7 | Good |
Lattari et al., 2017 [48] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 7 | Good |
Lee et al., 2021 [20] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 6 | Good |
Manenti et al., 2014 [49] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 7 | Good |
Manenti et al., 2016 [58] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 8 | Good |
Manor et al., 2021 [50] | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Y | 9 | Excellent |
Mishra et al., 2021 [51] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 8 | Good |
Mishra et al., 2022 [64] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 7 | Good |
Na et al., 2022 [56] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 7 | Good |
Papen et al., 2014 [62] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 5 | Fair |
Schabrun et al., 2016 [59] | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Y | 9 | Excellent |
Silva et al., 2018 [16] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 7 | Good |
Swank et al., 2016 [53] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 6 | Good |
Valentino et al., 2014 [54] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 6 | Good |
Wong et al., 2022 [44] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 7 | Good |
Yotnuengnit et al., 2018 [60] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Y | 7 | Good |